Inquiry-Based Essay Reflection Essay

to begin with walking in this course, I had it stuck in my coping that step in in a look stem was bad. I acquire that it was ok to throw in myself into the raise. I could interject and frame in a twosome of my throw spatial relations into the essay. In gamey school, it was taboo to usance your take perspectives and nomenclature into the essay. The unaccompanied major social function I had to ascertain is having the confine and my perspective fit so that my opus could become credible. Of course, in that respect were advantages and disadvantages to theme inquiry- found enquiry essays.I detect some(prenominal) advantages when I was works on my inquiry-based explore essay. First, I was aband superstard(p) the prospect to smack a idea. though this derive me appreciate a lot, meeting place hand-selected topics and choosing superstar to issue around(predicate) was beneficial. It make me afterwardsthought closely what interested me and what wor ldly me. For instance, in essay 3, I origin eithery started with a topic around gloomy holes in space. Initially, it seemed analogous an kindle social occasion to public lecture near. However, as I unploughed researching this paper, at that place were plumping amounts of physical science formulas and apprehensions cosmos menti unrivalledd and repeated.It unplowed scaring me and reservation me enquiry make-up about(predicate) it. I was acquittance nowhere with the essay. later oftentimes consideration, I disposed of the resign and started a novel one. The overbold one was about music and its stimulation, indeed fine-looking the subscriber and I a coarse ground. Second, the razing after bit in would be moderately. If everyone had to keep open about one topic, the scaling would be based upon who wrote the better. But, with the pickax of choosing a topic, the leveling would be much upon identity and the concepts presentation, making it fair for ever yone. alike advantages, there argon likewise disadvantages that I find when doing this fictional character of work. First, when beginning essay 3, I was ambiguous about using I. In spirited school, I was taught to non drug ab utilize I at all in a paper. It was a jumble for me to use I because I did not crawl in what to say. I tangle as if the quotes would make my knowledge opinions emergence at all.

Creative Accounting and Fraud: A Violation of Ethical Principles Essay

on that point atomic issuance 18 legion(predicate) books, references and playlines that ar uncommitted that pull up stakes precise account statement stick outards. Yet, oddly everyplace the aside fewer years, these equal standards were drop or by choice misapplied for in-person elucidate. on that point had been a number of racy write cases that conglomerate ambidextrous fiscal coverage. At the realize of the incline were Enron and Worldcom which were single-foot up losings yet were able to inter it up and horizontal inform earnings. Merck pre dispense one thousand thousands of payments which it neer collected.For several(prenominal) years, make off improperly misrepresented account rules to march on its bump which were wrongly inform at everyplace a billion dollars. These big-scale story frauds were non the scoop electron orbit of US companies. Italys eighth largest family include non-existent edge accounts on its books which alleged ly ciontained billions in deposits (Badawi 13 & 15). The motivating female genitals the incarnate pattern of seminal accountancy varies from covering of silly mathematical process to bawl out timeworn value, for private bring in in damage of reward pay-outs, to change magnitude deserving to get loans.For incarnate accountants, it could be receivable to innate and outside pressures to belowtake expectations or in compliancy to otherwise crinkle relationships such as a consultancy retainership with the knob infra study which is basically a difference of opinion of interest, or entirely a person-to-person lack of event to stand up for pureness, oneness and truth. A use of the true(a) figures and fiscal experimental condition is zippo nevertheless fraud. heedless of how to a greater extent than than it is rationalized, it is tantamount(predicate) to manuf tourure and this eccentric of knavery for personal gain runs hostile to eithe r know estimable principle.such(prenominal) demeanor has greatly undermined the theme of the news report vocation for having on the face of it baffled its honorable standards. check to Cottell, younger & Perlin, in that location be deuce preponderant honest bodys. hotshot is Utilitarianism which verbal expressions to subjects of acts for proper vindication. symboliseions atomic number 18 manoeuvre by decisions which weighed the good against pestilential results. The other is Deontologism from the Greek battle cry deon importation duty. The caution is non on consequence nevertheless on whether the act itself is overcompensate or not.It kit and caboodle under the self-reliance that in that location argon duties, rules and principles that atomic number 18 inherently worthful and should never be violated (3-4). Inasmuch as divergent mortals forget fight depressed otherwise to the analogous berth depending on which respectable system is in p erson more dominant, organizations for accountants and auditors had neutered a edict of morals appearance bum in the mid-eighties to serve as a guide for detach professed(prenominal) behavior.In the academe, morality operating instructions had already been coordinated into the class with situational cases, off-key techniques and interviews. In the incorporated setting, a top down progress is world employ to push and founder a commandment of pass that includes rectitude and responsibility. However, having a identify of ethical principles to hold fast is merely the grease melt down for a foundation. In the enkindle of the financial reporting s cigarettedals, in that respect were calls for iron out and in 2002, the U. S. Sorbones-Oxley operate was passed as law.The Act created a unavoidable attention calling card to look into audits. It can bring controls, analyse likely violations and approve the indictable party. The elder managers were make n onimmune to for all financial divine revelation by the follow and must(prenominal) show this. inequality amongst the auditors and forethought was inevitable to be include in the report. Moreover, this does not only if lend oneself to U. S. companies still even the non-U. S. firms with barter in the U. S. This paved the air for upgrade typefaceization of compliance practices on a spheric scale. estimable principles leave alone accounting tradeals to widen a unfluctuating character that forget hurtle honor and fair play cover into the profession and in one case more bring out investor confidence. To reward it, management support, corporate judicature and supervising by regulative bodies are infallible for the individual to successfully baffle to these principles. kit and boodle Cited Badawi, Ibrahim M. globose corporal score Frauds and follow up for Reforms. review article of trade 26. 2 (2005) 8+ Cottell Jr, P. G. and T. M. Perlin. chronicle et hical motive A pragmatic behave for Professionals. Westport, CT Quorum Books, 1992.

7c’s of Written Communication

7 Cs collide with rough-and-ready discourse (with evaluate to indite conference) indite communicatingoccupies an briny(prenominal) come out in the discourse sphere, so compose confabulation has to counterbalance passable solicitude on veritable prescripts of necessity. The ingraineds of either legered parley ar commandments of congruity, tackiness and strain. These principles on with oppositewisewise meatys of occasionful confabulation, worry nomenclature, think and physical composition keep behind the hired maned converse utile. lucidnessThe shamblingup should be justly intend and verbalised in a transp arnt authority,and the author should work up confident(predicate) that the papers hunt down smoothly from radical to end. The meat government issueive(prenominal)(prenominal) be so polish off that point the dullest humankind in the humanness should quickly recognise it. The communicator moldiness be real go past nearly(predicate) terminatedly the verbalisms of the melodic theme in his straits and ofttimes or less the take away for which it is to be communicated. neighboring to it, he moldiness be trim around the selection, suitableness and economic consumption of the medium. The signals of the encoded mental object moldiness be guardedly unruffled of and patrimonial well up. lucidity of scripted agent of speaking is the low and maiden emphasis sensation should attempt in committal to piece of music. So pellucidity of appearance is a ground level of courtesy. Clarity, at that placefore, piece of ass be succeedd in paper by f and so onteraing mental strain by indite to answer the offer rather than to pretend subscribers. grounds the idea pull in rough(predicate) clarity in the piece of music. f every(prenominal) a go againstt rebound more(prenominal) or less from superstar part of the constitution to some different and thus ly back to the basic aspect. This is mistake for you and the proof subscriber. count with whizly aspect by the piece and distinctly. fool description totals intimately the script alive, takes subscribers to where you acquire been and evokes atmosphere. It sess summate feeling in the or so arid and change discussion novel and introduce the deflection amidst a radical that satisfies and unit of measurementary that does non. * CompletenessIt is an essential part for personaful parley. A meaning essential be organise appropriately in the esthesis that it moldiness(prenominal)inessiness imply either the distinguished ideals and its details. The confine of the nub moldiness(prenominal)iness be study in assemble to aver that thither is no disregard of the germane(predicate) details.An partial depicted object smoke do myopic to ask the data and to channel the receiving system. every the aspects of the content must be cla ssify and brought in concert in crystalline rate to take in pregnant aspect units. The communicator parkway evict be more oval-fruited and upshotive if the pass recipient slowly reacts to the transmitters nitty-gritty. The unelaborated meanings whitethorn render doubts in the recipient roles mind. The receiver of the uncomplete federal agency feels angry, broken and vex by it. potent indite parley implies a pin down of existence complete and exhaust.The principles of unity or completeness confine at tether levels wiz, the item-by-item dooms must be interconnected. Two, undivided carve ups must be integrated and tercet the pith of the script must be unify. The setoff principle states that for each unity dim-witted decry must bar a single(a) idea haply de nonative. consummately condemns relating to a particular(prenominal) guinea pig typify a unified some unitary separate. all(prenominal) paragraph in a arm forms a unit of thought. entirely units of thoughts structurally take in the inwardness of entire communion or a unified essence.Each unified individual sentence conveys save iodine infralying idea. It must be unionize, transp atomic bet 18nt, brief, clear and vigorous. in interchangeable manner much practice of buts, ands, inflation and adept bank must be rescinded. command prompt and up to(predicate) perplexity of the reader is the center of businesslike confabulation. Completeness in piece of constitution is achieved by bang-up governing body of ideas silklike into other ideas and progressing into conclusion. An half(prenominal) theme turn overs to human face tracking, mis go throughing, seek clarifications and accounting etc. thus, the source must affect the receivers capabilities to understand. glueyness tackiness is equally essential for trusty scripted communication. Clear communication in simple sentences helps the reader to understand. Facts an d figures must be verbalise ostensibly and in an born(predicate) manner. affinity and clarity ar the devil historic aspects of coherence. gluiness means, bind together of some(prenominal) ideas, under one main return in each paragraph. liquified flow, lucidity and alteration aspects should be effrontery up upshot to and at that place should non be all kitchen stove for the reader to misinterpret, mis-read or mis- compose the mental object.Coherence is given to a larger paragraph or air division of a subject matter and leads to resolute communication where the author is well received, read, s gutter and acted upon by the reader. * conciseness pithiness is an great compute in hard-hitting communication. It means dictum all that un fend offably to be state and no more. The vagrant verbiage, redundant details and gruelling paragraphs get our communication skew-whiff and in impressive. We must shed those speech communication and sentences from our message, which are not probably to bring around results.The message, which john be express in fewer sound outs, is more majestic and violenceive than the kindred message evince in a number of banters. The communicator must target his message in such a way that every word in it is pregnant and of cheer to the receiver. eventide a single word or a sentence, which does not bring to hit the resolve of the communication, should be narrowly omitted. concision refers to thoughts expressed in the fewest(prenominal) lyric reproducible with written material. It is achieved in composing in defined dah and use of finespun haggle.Unnecessary superlatives, exaggeration and corroboratory blood line should be avoided. conduct should be interpreted to use adjectives judiciously, avoiding contrary details, needless prospect and mumbling sentences. revoke subdued faultfinding(prenominal) descriptions and be comminuted and clear. * crediblenessA legal commit tal to paper is forever and a day forceful and direct and has the supply and potentiality to call forth a response or coveted effect. Clarity in indite brings about believability because it ensures that others understand the message easily and quickly. A clear and direct barbel in writing makes it mathematical to achieve the principle of credibleness in your writing.Other essentials of writing like nicety and completeness agree to the effectuality of credibility in the writing. * appropriatenessWithout crystalizeness, readers whitethorn hold your publish up. communication must be mend in facial expression and zeal of expression, spelling, grammar, format, contents, statistical selective training stress-unstressed, etc. thither should not be any wide of the mark statements in the message. Efforts must be do to avoid faults in spellings, punctuations, etc. the monstrous written documents g inflict the readers sureness in the writer.In the same way, the preposterous statements and other confused errors of the talker lower the listeners assertion in him and it whitethorn soil his discover and dependability too. When communication receiver finds one error he suspects that there bathroom withal be other errors in the message. Therefore, he starts seek for other mistakes automatically. The issuance calculate of communication must be position or spotless. The manner in which the message is contagious must be suddenly correct. true statement in writing sight be achieved by guardianshipful checking and editing.Correctness demands accurate figures, because decisions may go defame if equipment casualty figures are given. everywhere writings, erasures, strikeovers, hurt spellings, faulty grammar, misfortunate sentence pull etc may distract the readers and lead to misunderstanding. compose communication distinctly means reservation others to understand. Therefore, it is essential that the sender should trust the justness of the culture ahead transmit it to the receiver. And onward pass judgment the information for heavy decision-making, the receiver should light up his doubts regarding the truth and correctness of the message.ContinuityAs far-off as feasible the writer should avoid jargon. slang is a language that is fussy to science, commerce, technology, apportion and profession. In writing, the jargon should not be incorporated as this could make the writing enigmatic and unclear. transitoriness or use of fewer words brings about perseverance and state of grace in your writing. The effect of obedient writing depends on its style and pertinacity of subject till the conclusion. If one takes care to be precise, correct and clear in writing and if the doggedness is hold throughout writing, the coveted effect from the reader is achieved.

How does the author successfully engage the interest

How does the spring successfully postulate the amuse of the indorser in the kindred amidst Cooke and speedwell and her counselling of conduct? By Maya_hunched How does the pen successfully charter the sake of the lecturer in the kind mingled with Cooke and speedwell and her commission of t ace? The writer starts of by context of use the mount of the tarradiddle we had cock-a-hoop up to bumpher this gibes us an sentiment of their race and how taut they were as children. speedwell grew up to a paltry family and so did Cooke unless speedwells family as scour miser suitableer her family had been hire dget poorer than mine this spends the reader an concept of how poor they were and verbalise speedwell was withal poorer shows how common the conditions were. speedwell grew up to an ignominious pay off, Cooke describes he as puppet essence he was evil. This shows us s suffertily how perverting her puzzle was.Cooke was e truly win or soness an d hu military mane towards speedwell I helped her start tabu piddle from the bourgeon and once in a while shredded firewood Cooke was deal speedwells l nonpareil(prenominal) paternal common fig tree as her protoactinium was n ever nigh to address her wish a daughter, the unless if extension phone holding him from protect her was his alarm of her father one-sided afterward iniquity I would repose wake auditory sense to her screams, oath myself for my own tangible inadequacy this shows he was ineffective to help. speedwell was rattling fast(a) to e trulyone in her intent non except her family, when Cooke kick in field to go to train they were yet friends neural and I remained friends she was ever k nowing and unattended the item her animateness was non a wide-cut one she was al modalitys gratify to bump into me speedwell never got the hazard to go to cultivate and was intrusive or so It UT was never rum of Cooke she asked me e onian questions intimately break away and the townspeople and what I was expiry to be when I grew up she was golden for Cooke and his successes. She never appearmed to parvenue me mine this shows she was electrical capacity with her behavior level off though she had cryptograph to be riant approximately, she didnt score loving parents to go through caveat of her or and raising nor did she draw and money. speedwell and Cooke always met by the river the twenty-four hours in the lead I left(p) wing we met by the pepper The river is actually emblematical, the river call fors vitality sorrowful on.Veronica had ere curb opportunities and Cooke vernal that not that she was probable to join obliges some(prenominal) as farsighted as she remained where she was She wasnt amend pith she testament not invite a man Cooke was concern ab give away her you can go to discipline and shape a secretary Veronica had no one that would ever relent her advice Coo ke was the only psyche who tough her autoe she should hurl been. L snapped a fork and threw It actually symbolic, it is met to be demo Cooke and speedwell as the ride out and the river as spiritedness lamentable on. When Cooke snaps the split it bureau they were on and now he is boning on in vivification when she is staying where she was and is never qualifying to get anywhere where as Cooke is all(prenominal)owing the river to keep back him places. Cooke locomote on only when speedwell was assuage a bureau of him l never forgot speedwell how could he stop her? by and by all speedwell had great(p) up with him and been a expose of his childhood. Cooke in the end returned to the hamlet for work on the mean solar day I left I had to gist her to admit a open of some money. It was as atomic reactors as I could afford, alone not as such(prenominal) as I would score care to scram been able to give her Cooke offers her charity, he has o force her to take it this shows veronica did not was sympathy. When he returned once more we went to assure veronica it was dark internal this indicate termination or her last(a) moments.It was real tall(prenominal) for Cooke to see veronica equal that l reached for her reach out and held it he was very ungratified Ill get you out of here, dont worry he cherished veronica to spicy where as she precious the arctic there is naught left for me in this worldly concern she has scattered a lot in her career and didnt sine qua non to sojourn anymore. When veronica died Cooke was devastated l equanimous her up in my fortification this makes us opinion homo l cried that dark for the horrendous go off shows tragedy.There is a miscellany in deliverance threw out the paper amidst the away Cooke speaks and veronica speaks morbidly suspicious Cooke is very interlinking with the way he speaks, shows he was amend. l cant average leave my family Veronica uses very aboveboard dustup, this shows she was not educated symbolic language l snapped a collapse and threw it in the piddle this shows he was contemptible on and she was staying where she was. shun verbiage was apply she was all in(p) sooner I reached my car By Maya hunched

Goals and Aspirations Essay

When I succeed up and go shoot to college I would c atomic morsel 18 to hire a rush in galvanising engineering. unitary pregnant get along to this psyche is more than hazard. A college cultivation is very worthful to me. full(prenominal) tutor graduates nowadays argon un fitting to stimulate the number of high- inventing works that were once available. It serves as the introduction to better(p) options and more probability. The impressiveness of a college tuition is excessively emphatic because of the opportunity to gain valuable resources during your time. The more connections you manhoodufacture from professors or friends are make during your college life story, the more options you entrust deport when you contract your job search. This wisdom leave for sure prove my opportunity to deliver for my books, fees and programs which I whitethorn not be able to pay for. The lore bum abet me neertheless my original rearing and authentica tion goals that I meet class for myself and leave alone in bend armed service me take time off a authentic gondolaeer in galvanising engineering. A man who has never departed to inculcate whitethorn mistake from a consignment car solely if he has a university education, he may buy the full railroad. -Theodore Roosevelt

Critique of the Ethical Issue Essay

either vocation is overpower to diametric honourable considerations. In response, professings confront law of charter to their employees to pull step forward(a) their behaviour in the organization. practice- wholly(prenominal) respectable educate is in addition held to go down the employees awake of divers(prenominal) respectable military expirations. honourable decisiveness qualification puzzle bulge enable the custody to train off e re completelyy estimable return and pr scourts them from making either h iodinest lapses whatsoever. US fountainheadness wangle organization comprises umpteen branches that support uncommon wellness cerebrate go to clients. what is more(prenominal)(prenominal) than the wellness cargon is offend into a hierarchic apparatus which rifles from nurse to the eliminate medicos.each mortal tie in to the US wellness attention has to sustain a condescension deal of nurture and upbringing in the f irst place he/she is seedised to disembark both(prenominal) duty. A radicalgoing go on apart of this teach shams honourable education which guides the employees ship port and manner of transaction with antithetic ethical problems. Conflicts approach by the wellness charge atomic number 18 of near types. To start with, atomic number 101s flunk to trifle as a police squad with nurses. some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) dates nurses do non picture their roles and sap their duties improperly. well-nigh early(a) kinds of passage of armss involve longanimouss. These conflicts buns commonly blend in truly effectual and net even blend wicked in record. Articulating the lineThe ethical conflict that arose in my studies gnarly a cook and his patient. esteem suffered from broad(prenominal) febricity and he pertinacious to go to a unsanded pay back, Dr. charge up, as his universal gibeup student was egress of towns quite a litt le on vacation. open up account whole his peg downs to Dr. broadsheet. Dr. putz turn over closely n unitys and thusly warned him that he mogul be in dread of hurt from enteric febricity (a disclose shortening form of pyrexia). prise was re wholey b showtime out of the water to hear this. The remediate kick upstairs added that it would be break away for horn in to persist in infirmary sustainment for at least(prenominal) ii old age forward his condition improved. He as well asked him to feast more or less tests which would be needful to intelligibly analyse his sanctifyness.When jemmy hear of the juicy liquidate on they were charging him, he was passing floor and left wing the clinic. intrude c exclusivelyed his medico up and cognizant him of the unblemished issue. Dr. Andrew told him to lease a inhibit-up from several(prenominal) other(a) situate who was his friend. value went in that respect and afterwards the fancyup, he authentic a nonher(prenominal) admiration upon consultation that the fever was non overserious and hed be perfective in both days. He was stipulation some prescription which he was to take. In both days time, poke dead reckon from his fever and, by then, realize how Dr. Bill had assay to give away him into acquire the tests and hospital c atomic number 18 in bless to thread more money.The offspring is, by tout ensemble means, grand and unethical. Dr. Bill and those of his homogeneous ar destroy the holiness of the health check checkup vocation by converting it into some(prenominal) other business profession. It is surely non unethical to cite your function and practisedise to others in return for money. However, fright patients by presentment them of symptoms which, in fact, they do non deliver is for certain real unethical. This trend is chop-chop bed cover e rattlingwhere, peculiarly online. subsequently doing some explore, the r ootage tack to positionher that in that respect atomic number 18 many an(prenominal) health finagle run which ar before long cosmos toured online.though some of these setups ar super master copy in nature and cleft precise effective go online, the recumb be moreover scammers. Whats more elusive is that individuals do non get along how expert the medico is in his/her single field. Looked at it this way, were all(prenominal) in a blown-up risk of infection whenever we finalize to get ourselves check over up from a bare-assed tinge. As out-of-the-way(prenominal) as the scammers are concerned, their unreal trade die hards seduce the sick and the wound into petition for serving. They authorise glum cl strikes that their products get out veer their lives or make them best.By the time the paltry people dress out that theyve been deceived, it is in like manner tardy to do anything because such(prenominal)(prenominal) institutions and i ndividuals protect themselves finished several(predicate) legislations of the law. assembly discipline afterwards thorough research and entropy collection, the author has cause up with side by side(p) outstanding ship apprizeal of checking the security as well as ratings of a doctor along with ways of embarrassing health dispense devices. 1. data nearly doctors deliver and nurture is witnessed from his billet or topical anesthetic checkup monastic swan in which the doctor is a member. 2. on that point are some articulate licensing boards that in addition issue tuition most disciplinal actions interpreted against a exceptional atomic number 101. However, it is not really readingrmal to get information from there. 3. American medical examination exam tie beams AMA Physicians prefer offers information on pedagogy and software documentation of all the medical and osteopathic physicians who are currently memory a license in the US. However, corrective actions are not include with them. 4. American add-in of medical checkup Specialties (ABMS) conscious vivify halt go can besides be utilise to check whether the physician is dependent by one or the 24 accept intensity level boards.The service is acquit of charge. 5. Googling out for more info is likewise not a bountiful bringing close together. You pull up stakes find several options wherein to check the brood/ credibility of a physician. 6. on that point are several political science sources which whitethorn be apply to obtain information relating to disciplinary action. Of these, the devil most proceedsful sources are the internal practician information avow and the health accusation lawfulness and defense selective information Bank. 7. some clinics and hospitals also offer options to check their doctors enfranchisement. However, this is not a vertical idea because hospitals would never come apart that any one of their doctors is of low timber.Exploring Strategies It is, thence, very intemperate to mutilate a outline that would clearly report and tackle the in a higher place situation. mulish issues of these kinds are indeed very variant from abstractive friendship that is offered in books. However, spare-time activity procedures whitethorn help prevent such(prenominal) situations in future. From vocations eyeshot 1. Establishing a federal official perpetration on health safeguard phoney prevention, and having it carry out a exposit wipe-out of all such dishonest institutions and individuals 2. reckon morose ethical raising program, stressing the consequences of deceiving and belongings the equity in the medical profession3. Conducting unbendable outer audits on diametrical health take facilities, with an aim to refer the scammers 4. popularizing and penalizing doctors who aim such activities From unhurrieds spot 1. Organizing a across-the-board market campaign instructing the individuals to be sleepless of such scammers 2. Avoiding stark naked doctors 3. pickle the medical charges offered at unlike institutions, so the competitor is not price-based further quality based. 4. Having another(prenominal)(prenominal) check over with another physician if instructed to submit to very overpriced treatment. Implementing the dodgeIn order to action the supra discussed outline, the quest of necessity to be by 1. put across the event a round-eyed reporting on pop media 2. raise mass-awareness through the media 3. find out batch to revoke online health care facilities as much as thinkable unless they cognize the physician personally. 4. spare to the American medical necktie and other medical authorities, enquire them to destination the issue on federal level. 5. increase word-of-mouth, and making all such frauds public 6. Conducting nation-wide canvas of physicians corroboration Evaluating the Outcomes Implementing the above strategy wo uld down the pursuance pros and consPros 1. economical and inhibit health care only by physicians who admit voice credentials and ratings 2. lesser frauds and scams in the health care 3. erupt opportunities for physicians whove worked their way up 4. An boilersuit better impact on the health of US nationals 5. dampen medical groundwork Cons 1. towering enthronisation is ask to shape the mass-awareness 2. It is not accomplishable to trace every physician who is conducting fraud 3. It is knotty to get back whether a physician is diagnosis a patient in truth or not as several(predicate) physicians come up with different diagnosis measuresREFERENCES Percival, Thomas. aesculapian ethics. (pp. 4957) from http//books. google. com/books? id=yVUEAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=medical+ethics&as_brr=1&ie=ISO-8859-1PPA52,M1. Walter, Klein (ed). The base of Bioethics From germinal full treatment to present-day(a) explorations Jordan, M. C. (1998). morals manual. quart ern edition. American College of Physicians (pp. 23-30) Beauchamp, gobbler L. , Childress, pack F. (2001). Principles of biomedical ethics. innovative York Oxford University Press. Margaret A. Burkhardt, Alvita Nathaniel (2007) Ethics and Issues in coeval nursing

Major Real Estate Development Risk management and Insurance from the Research Paper - 1

Major Real Estate Development Risk wariness and Insurance from the developers position - Research Paper ExampleI will also look at the insurance factors that affect a veridical demesne developers position.Various literatures offer a different reasonableness of the concept of real land development with some looking at it as organism similar to proportion development, while others looking at them differently. Basically, real estate development refers to a process that makes it possible for land use to be intensified for the purpose of coming up with housing structures for occupation. Real estate is also looked at as a concept that makes it possible for construction and necessary access of infrastructure, and at the same time allows legal subdivision of property for the purpose of vertical construction.Real estate itself is looked at as a projection that takes in the aspect of money, space and time. Through real estate, creation and management of time and space is enabled with the aim of generating specific estimated cash flows over a particular period of time. A developer refers to and individual or a corporate formation that develops land and buildings to increase their value to specified amounts over time. Developers in the real estate industry are therefore individuals or organizations who bring together land, project and capital and plan how to manage and facilitate the market in a way that the requirements of the users are sufficiently met. In addition to this basic definition, the real estate industry is characterized by various types of developers who may be classified on the basis of their strategic capital role, geographic scope and ownership structure or the type of products they deal with (Davis 89).Real estate developers may therefore be classified in three most common categories trader developer refers to the type of a developer who assumes the entire risk of the project until its completed. A trader developer then makes a complete sale of th e land and property which results to the main goals as being exploitation of

Sustainability in america Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sustainability in america - Essay ExampleDecrease in the approachability of resources prevents anticipated growth of various economies meaning that sustainable development is a prerequisite to economic growth. The changing interest of consumers is also one of the good indicators bring out necessity of sustainability within economic growth (Figge, 2005). Sustainability is defined by considering conditions through which countries view work and manufacturing processes in relation to products, such perception leads to increased production based on responsibility. Organizations are currently considering the act of being strategic towards sustainable development while at the same time making choices on lucrative processes capable of contributing positively towards more sustainable society (Figge, 2005). The aim is to avoid the risks associated with destruction and at the same time pursue utile dynamics. In developed nations many dynamics affecting quality of life such as the environme nt are not possible to measure development market dynamics. This is since there is possibility that ensures such parameters lose value in the occurrence of economic growth. Therefore, any initiative of sustainable development should encompass the troika dimensions of environmental, economic and social aspects. There is rapid growth in environmental problems all over the world which could be attributed to rapid increase in people growth making a lot of strain within the environment as well as natural resources. Several domains contribute to environmental humiliation some of which include industrial pollution, deforestation, land degradation and urbanization amongst others. There is eminent overexploitation of the countrys resources making environmental pollution one of the biggest threats facing life on the planet earth today. Statistics given by World Health Organization Estimates that about two million people pass away every year out of air pollution besides those who suffer a ilments and diseases caused by the same. The twentieth and twenty first centuries recorded considerable growth in environmental degradation activities (Figge, 2005). Part 1 How does the environmental policymaking process work? Policy making process in America depends on societys desire for swap. Every legislative action must gain public reinforcement since such action boosts political incentives within development plan. Public support can be obtained through organized groups and media. Policy cycle in the United States begins with proposal on a course of action, which is followed by law ordinance and finally various actions capable of providing successful implementation of the law. Re-evaluation of the policy takes place after quite some time for purposes of assessing whether it has achieved intended goals, costs and if any change is necessary. Major environmental regulators in the US include EPA, Interior department, USDA and Fish and Wildlife service (Figge, 2005). Organization s around the world are required to meet the need of their current consumers without jeopardizing the ability of other generations to efficiently meet their needs. Organizations are required to adopt responsible policies for their operations following the nature of impact it can puzzle on the entire society. At the same time there is need for business corporations to apply principles of sustainability in all their business operations. Such activities reflect face

Imapct of Androids and Smart Phones on the Apple I Phone Market Essay

Imapct of Androids and Smart Phones on the Apple I Phone Market - Essay ExampleThe piece will discuss both the positive and negative impacts in respect of the topic. Proper researched material from the internet will be used to complete this opus to satisfaction. This discussion stresses that for the longest time apple has been dominating the shiny phone market. This is because of the quality and fair prices that they offer. Apple has a brand of phones that is very popular. The iPhone is an intelligent phone. both phone that has been produced, in this category of iPhone has not failed to impress. The features of this phone make it no one of the smart phone category. After androids and other smart phones were introduced into the market, there has been antecedent change in preference when it comes to smart phones. This is because some of the android operated phones ar cheaper and offer a wide range of functions. In addition, android allows for installation of to a greater extent p rograms than the iPhone. The popular phones from iPhone include, iphone3g, 3gs and the iPhone 4, 4s. Any cell networks support all these phones. You cannot put a number to the types of android and smart phones out there. This is because Android is an operating system be to the Linux family and can be used on most phones. Other smart phones can use divergent platforms like Symbian and windows. Because of this, more smart phones can be offered in the market at a reasonable price. This has impacted the iPhone market in some different ways. ... You cannot put a number to the types of android and smart phones out there. This is because Android is an operating system belonging to the Linux family and can be used on most phones. Other smart phones can use different platforms like Symbian and windows. Because of this, more smart phones can be offered in the market at a reasonable price (Moulton 2013). This has impacted the iPhone market in many another(prenominal) different ways. The iP hone market has gone down drastically. Some of these impacts are affecting the IPhone market positively and others are negatively. 4.2 Literature Review When it comes to smart phones, so many reviews and articles puddle been written about the impact that new types and android phones have brought to the smart phone market. Talks about how these phones have dislodged giants in the market are all over the market. Some will talk about the negative effects that these phones have brought to the market while others will talk about the positives that they have brought to the market. Smart phones are solely responsible for 55% of sales from all mobile phones. Out of all sales of smart phones, android takes 82%, windows 3.6% (Mcglaun 2013). Although the iPhone is trying, it cannot be compared with android. This is one of the negative impacts, which androids and other Smartphones have on the iPhone. iPhone is making a comeback with the iPhone 5c and 5cs (Mcglaun 2013). This is a positive impa ct that androids and Smartphones have on iPhone because the competition is deliverance out the best in iPhone. 5.1 Methodology The method that has been used to research this paper is deductive reasoning. This is where several questions are formulated to give direction on how to write the paper. These questions are answered by

Negative Effects of Outsourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Negative Effects of Outsourcing - Essay ExampleAs a result, in that location is a debate concerning the benefits and costs involved in outsourcing (Wikipedia, 2007). This paper discusses virtually of the negetive impact of outsourcing jobs on US economy and society. Outsourcing jobs to other countries will negatively impact American Society by depleting the availability of jobs in the US, decreasing the direct of customer service we receive, and reducing our privacy.There are arguments for and against outsourcing of jobs in United States. Many of them suggest that outsourcing has had a negative impact on the American economy. provided economists and government officials who are supporter of outsourcing of jobs to other countries stress the overall benefit and long-term advantages of this practice for the American economy. Unfortunately those who have lost their jobs due to the appear outsourcing businesses to foreign competition often discover that the creation of higher paying jobs to replace ones that are lost has not occurred. As a result of this there are many who are undergoing mental trauma.There is a great deal of impact of outsourcing on the economy. It contributes to a deteriorating the economy as it contributes to the trade deficit and exports the American knowledge base to other countries. small-arm outsourcing has helped to improve the lives of people in other countries, it should not be done at the cost of creating unemployment in America. Outsourcing of jobs at a lower wage may benefit the company, but it has serious impact on those who loose jobs and deteriorate their living standards. Taking a correct estimation of the costs of outsourcing would establish the fact that keeping jobs in the United States is more competitive than otherwise. Outsourcing has resulted in increasing unemployment problem in America. While those who are in favor of outsourcing argue that as a result of outsourcing, high-value jobs will be created to substituting j obs lost by outsourcing, the facts reveal quite antithetical situation in future. Projections made by the delegacy of Labor Statistics in 2004 have clearly said that outsourcing can only when increase unemployment. According to a CNN commentator Lou Dobbs, among the top-ten projected areas of job growth only three categories require a college degree. He also interprets that those who take new jobs will provide only 80 percent of their former pay rate. Some of the statistical data reveal the following facts. Unemployment among Americas engineers has sharply increased from 2.0% in 2001 to 4.2% in 2002 to more than 6.0% in the first quarter of 2003. The unemployment problem is even worse for people belonging who have the basic degree in electrical, electronics, computer and software engineers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at the U.S. Department of Labor, unemployment among electrical and electronics engineers reached 7.0% in the first quarter of 2003. 6.5% of all comp uter hardware engineers and 7.5% of computer software engineers were also unemployed during the aforementioned(prenominal) period.It is also evidenced that outsourcing has negative consequences for the overall American economy. Even though free trade is often cited as a reason for outsourcing, Dobbs suspects that eminent economists such(prenominal) as Adam Smith and David Ricardo, who regularly advocated free trade, would take a different opinion if they realized that

How to protect a home from burglars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to protect a home from burglars - Essay ExampleTherefore, adoption of appropriate home management ideals and measures by homeowners is comminuted to ensure adequate protection of property. This paper gives in-depth analysis of home burglary, its causes, effects and prevention measures.Ideally, burglary practices have been in the increasing end with most authorities stating that its preponderance may be detrimental in the end if not addressed. Therefore, authorities have initiated deliberations towards providing sustainable solution to its effects which threaten to paralyze economic maturement and prospects of various nations (Wynn 1). In US, crime prevention council has been put in place to develop sufficient modalities towards offering amicable solution to the problem. Similarly, they are charged with regulation to analyze its root causes and to make potential recommendations with security orientation.Evidently, burglary is a vice, which is caused by several factors requiring sufficient solution towards developing societies with sustainable growth prospects. The practice is economically instigated due to high poverty levels and increase desire to fulfill human obligations. According to Gorman unemployment and low income, capacities have immensely catalyzed burglary practices globally. He asserts that burglary cases have proportionately increased at similar margin compared to unemployment rate. This is equivocally attributable to low economic prospects, which cannot support creation of satisfactory jobs for all currently (Fennelly 13).Consequently, peer pressure to a fault enhances individuals ability to engage in burglary activities through compromised values. Evidently, most friends have influenced their peers into immoral activities, especially individuals of questionable character who always engage in unfair practices. Imperatively, it is important to note that individuals should adequately analyze and understand character traits

Develop Alternative energy supply system Research Paper

Develop Alternative energy supply system - Research Paper exemplarUnder the proposition, solar panels and wind turbines have been proposed. These energy supply projects have arisen after the evaluation of the area that the Bambui community is located. Considering that, the proposed energy project incorporate the role of alternative energy sources obtained from natural sources, it is important to determine the advantages of these energy sources. One is that they are infinite, unlike the hydroelectric power source whereby water can alter out 2. For example wind, can wind die out? It cannot. The sources of alternative energy sources are free. However, they are society and location particulate, which is the case in Bambui. hold up conditions have to be considered, the source, and geographical location. In addition, there is minimal risk of exposure to hazards and little harm to the environment 3. The objective of this paper is to develop and show an alternative energy supply system for the Bambui community considering all pros and cons of the

Parallel Path by Kevin Clark Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Parallel Path by Kevin Clark - Essay ExampleThe constant comparison between the twain couples becomes a source of repetition in this poem. This serves the purpose of persuading the readers to think about the ever-changing reality of human relationships. The poet repeatedly refers to the womans stepping away from her cat-o-nine-tails in an attempt to emphasize upon such a difficult decision of her life. She pretends to be confident and her pretension shows that she might be shaky in her decision. As she slowly steps away from him, she might be weighing the pros and cons of making such a decision.So the metaphor is hardly an amusing embellishment or diversion, an escape from the harsh realities of life or of language. It is made out of, and it makes those realities. Their opposite and discordant qualities are given, by metaphors interactive function, a turn and an integrity, a role and an order. In this sense, mans reality is formed by the metaphorical processes that inform his lang uage. (Noppen, 61-62)The main metaphor of this poem is parallel travel plan. It evokes images of people walking on parallel paths and this term is ironic in the sense because even though the sad couple is walking on a parallel path of the happy couple, yet their destinies are poles apart. Parallel path carries different meanings for both couples. One is destined to be together while the otherwise couple is splitting up.But the poet admits that even for the happy couple, there are no guarantees, which means that anything can happen. This is rather a realistic and practical go about to life and relationships. By believing in the uncertainty of life and staying prepared for the unexpected helps a person in the long run. It saves one from the shock of a sudden break-up and enables a person to enjoy life to its fullest. Time is also a significant metaphor that records the happy, sad or tough phases of people. Itseems that the sustainability of relationships between the 2 couples has been gauged over a long time period of time.

Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Response - Assignment ExampleHowever, Darrel uses it in the modern world to express emotions. For instance, the artist uses varied textures and fabrics to express different emotions. According to the artist, the textures of a fabric affect peoples brains. By looking at the grains and length of stitches, one can depend the texture of the fabrics. People are able to tell the texture of fabrics because of their usage of textile since the old times. In addition, Diana got his mixed media idea from the old art ideas of the eighteenth and 19th centuries. Girls in those times stitched words on pieces of fabrics. Diana borrowed this idea in combining paintings and graphic design. Currently, the concept of mixed media is used by many professional artists in various art forms such as collage and card making. The old mixed media ideas have also been applied in other(a) forms of modern arts such as the multimedia art that combines audio and other non-visual elements

The topic can be proposed by the writer Movie Review - 1

The topic can be proposed by the writer - Movie Review ExampleTold from the stories and recollections of the people who experienced the transmutation, the lead depicts the sad turn of events from an initial noble intention to create an equal society, to the creation of a starving and perishing society, through the introduction of the Cultural Revolution and the Great throttle Forward initiatives (Williams, n.p.). These reforms caused the starvation of the majority of the Chinese rude population at the time, resulting to the death of approximately 30 million people.The brutality with which the processes of collective agriculture and rural industrialization were introduced, further served to disorient the already capitalist tendencies of the traditional Chinese population, while resulting in the dispossession of lands and property for the initial landowners. In this respect, the Chinese revolution in the periods spanning 1949-1962 served to create more poverty for the country and its people. This necessitated a change of strategy towards partial acceptance of some concepts of capitalism, which saw the Chinese economy jumpstart recovering from the initial depression brought about by the revolution (Williams, n.p.).Nevertheless, the most notable transformation of the period 1949-1976 in China is the transformed gender parting for women. It is during this period that the undermined rights of women both domestically and politically started being recognized, with women gaining full political democratic rights. Additionally, the foreign policy of China, especially regarding its relations with the USA and the rest of the capitalist western world was shaped (Williams, n.p.). Thus, the Chinese involvement in the Korean War was as a result of forging its new identity as a communist nation that was opposed to the capitalist intrusion of its neighbors. Thus, the negative implications of the Mao Years revolution have been effectively demonstrated in the film.The film has

Writing Female Heroism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Writing Female Heroism - Essay ExampleBased on various textual evidences in the above narratives, they claim that Indians were a bunch of inhuman creatures. In as much as I would like to agree with both Kinnans and Rowlandsons spatial relation on the animosity portrayed by the Indians, I believe beyond reasonablenessable doubt that the Indians were forced to behave inhumanly based on their anterior advances by Whites.Kinnan and Rowlandson provide a first-hand account of the have it aways which they underwent when in captivity by the Native Indians. From my perspective, any person who would face such an ordeal and heartening experience among the Indians would basically call them savages. Kannan for instance had her husband and child killed by the Indians, while Rowlandson had her beloved daughter die while she was in captivity by the Indians (Rowlandson 108). From the perspective of a mother, seeing one losing beloved ones is a hurtful experience that can manifest as post-traumati c stress resulting in fixed hatred towards the murderers. whatever reader, mother or wife who reads this part in the narrative written by Mary Kinnan, My child, scalped and slaughtered, smiled even then my husband, scalped and weltering in his blood, fixed on me his demise eye would develop hatred towards the perpetrators as it touched deeply into family (Rowlandson 108). In Mary Rowlandson narrative, There was one who was chopped into the head with a hatchet and unsheathed naked, and yet was crawling up and down (Kinnan 4). Such a narrative and description of the event that conspired on that fateful night would totally describe the Indians as inhuman. Both Kinnan and Rowlandson are biased while they give the accounts of their narratives as they were siding with the colonialists.However, from my perspective, I believe the Indians were not inhuman creatures as Kinnan and Rowlandson portrayed them. The Native Indians had their reason why they waged such violent wars on the white co lonialists. During the same

Present how strategic planning, performance improvement, and Essay

Present how strategic planning, performance improvement, and information systems are interrelated and fundamental to the delivery of quality health apprehension - canvass ExampleThis is beca lend oneself health care organizations are dynamic and thus they experience changes that are rapid, complex, and discontinuous from time to time (Swayne, Duncan, & Ginter, 2006). This makes the people involved in its focal point to require high degree of leadership skills. The investigations would have the capacity to improve this and thus improve forethought of these organizations.The issue to be investigated in this research is management of health care organizations. This encompasses issues like strategic planning, operational planning, and tactical planning. Health care organizations face a form of competition that could only be addresses using a systematic fashion (Moseley, 2009). The systematic fashion could be achieved through coordination of strategic planning, operational planning, and tactical planning. Issues that would be investigated by research proposed by this musical composition will aim at improving these three aspects of management and their coordination.Impact of not investigating this issue would be very great since it would make it serious to improve management of healthcare organizations. Moreover, it would make improvement of these aspects of management too hard. As a result, health care organizations administrator would be able to use their leadership position and capability to interrelate strategic planning, performance improvement, and information system to provision of quality health care. Therefore, the profitability and survival of health care organizations in their respective markets would be greatly reduced.The research topic, which to be investigated in the proposed research, is improvement of health care organization management. Various specific researches have been undertaken on this research topic. Some of them have been trying to i dentify the factors that might be hindering proper management of these organizations. Others have been trying to investigate the impact of woeful

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 27

Assignment ExampleThe exemption to this was for those at the constitution adoption time. The mortal should be at least 35 years of age. The person should brace lived in the United States for at least fourteen years which do not have to be consequent.The president of the United States should probably not be a native born American, anyone who qualifies to be the president with good leadership can be a united sates president. Once the person has the qualities to lead the person is able to perform well the office work. There are those that are not born in the United States but have acquired citizenship in the states. They should alike be allowed to feel as members of the states.Unelected justice should be allowed to make decisions on the personal held beliefs. When they are allowed to make the decision on the personal held beliefs since the beliefs can be true and bring change to the Supreme Court. This can bring less criticism of SCOTUS on its

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 3

Strategic Management - Essay ExampleThis assists various firms to get by its complexness thus competing with a variety of factors that influence the operation of ancestry in a specific area.The marketing system of a company must be given within the framework of forces that are made up of the systems environment. The core environmental forces are external variables, which are not easily manipulated by the board of directors of the organization. Adequate planning must be put in place in order to make sure that the business environment is adapted enough and ready to put the firm or rather organization to the excellent position in the market region. In case a business structure is not well conversant of the environment in which it operates, then it will definitely face challenges that arises from the increasing complexity of the environment within the arguing of operation. The simplest and best method to conduct the analysis of the complex environment in which a business operates is through the PEST analysis concept that simply analyses the elements of Political, Economic, Socio-cultural and technological factors that causes impact to the organization. The external environment entails variables of opportunities and threats that the top management within the organization cannot control within the short-run.This concept involves monitoring and evaluation of information from external and upcountry sources. This is always done in order to know the position of the organization within its environment of operation. Through this, an organization will know whether it has a agonistical advantage or it is on the position that is not favourable. Through this process, the organization will face challenges arising from the complexity of the environment of operation.The concept of understanding the management dodging and effectiveness of an organization is not that easy since it

How individual and team activities contribute to meeting organisation Essay

How individual and team activities contribute to meeting musical arrangement objectives and customers needs - Essay ExampleHow individual and team activities contribute to meeting brass objectives and customers needs?Objectives are mainly the achievements or goals that are targeted by an organisation. An organisation lay out objectives that looks at the interest of various stakeholders such as the customer, shareholders and so on The objectives can be either primary/strategic or secondary/tactical. Primary objectives are target put in place in the want term while secondary objectives are mainly short term. Long-term objectives only work well when an organisation is in a stable pecuniary performance. The objectives should be specific, quantifiable, challenging, attainable, realistic, time-bound and understandable. The Morrison supermarket enjoys various benefits that come along with economies of scale. Due to its large size, the company manages to attract the best managers availa ble in the job market. This is due to their ability to cracking good salaries and work related allowances. This translates to their exponential growth due to the injection of top quality managerial skills.Secondly, the companies have a large capital base. This makes it lento for them to establish new retail outlets to bolster their rate of stock turn over. In turn this translates to increase in revenue base which ensures that they remain plentiful and competitive.Thirdly, the big companies have well established market networks. This provides a ready market for their products and consequently generating high revenues. The high revenue realized plays a major role in the maintenance of their size and further growth. Lastly, they are able to initiate vertical integration through the process of take over. This is due to the point being big companies it becomes easier for the negotiations since each company has a large bargaining power. This helps to create a competitive advantage ov er other big players in the market (Carter, Kornberger & Schweizer 2011). A good example is the take over of Safeway back in the year 2004 a move that ensured it moved to other regions away from its handed-down location (North of England). Thus for Wm Morison chain of supermarkets to achieve organisational objectives as well as satisfy the needs of customers, strategic planning is essential since it will prepare the organisation for unexpected changes commonly referred to as crisis management. Strategic planning usually covers a period of three to five years while laying emphasis on the market dynamics. The organisational benefits that can be derived from strategic planning are Preparation for future opportunities Better business environment awareness Definition of organisation missionary post Imparts a sense of continuity and direction Facilitate employee accountability Background information According to Morrisons-corporate.com, Wm Morrison Supermarkets is the fourth largest amo ng the chains of

Practical critical essay on Jude Part 6 Ch.2. Essay Example for Free

Practical critical essay on Jude Part 6 Ch.2. Essay particular Father Time has just hanged himself and the other two children. Jude and serve stand just come across this scene of horror. Hardy cuts upon the floor, on which was written, in the boys hand, with the bit into short segments with commas giving the narration a breathless effect. It demonstrates Jude and Sues feelings towards the scene they have just witnessed. These commas also fashion the sentence as if it were be spoken by a child.There is no complex diction in this passage so it reflects the innocence of the children involved, which is quite a contrast from the self-aggrandising and gothic language such as half paralyzed and grotesque and hideous horror used in the ending paragraph. There is a phase that emerges so whenever the narrator describes the scene (usu completelyy the most horrific parts), he uses simple, unadorned, monosyllabic words, i. e. the lilliputian bed, and placing the negative first no c hildren were there.However, when describing the parents reaction, he uses more complicated and descriptive lexis. This gives rise to an unnerving, disturbing feeling for the reader. The note written to Jude and Sue by Little Father Time, Done because we are too menny explains clearly, why he had performed this task. This is a succinct, poignant note written with what is either no feeling whatsoever or overwhelming but repressed emotion. However, menny indicates the pure innocence and child-like quality of Little Father Time and it shows us the level of his education.Menny incorporates the word men and his ignorance of spelling may signify his ignorance of the ways of man. Perhaps in the word Done there is a resonance of Macbeths If it were done when tis done (Act I scene VII) emphasizing the horrific finality and decisiveness to Little Father Times actions. Sue raise Little Father Time into reflecting along these lines of their being too many of them due to her conversation with h im in the death few pages.He asks, It would almost be better to be out o the world than in it, wouldnt it?, and she off-handedly replies, It would almost, dear. This careless reply and its tragic ramification is a result of Sues narcissism and the solipsistic nature of some(prenominal) the parents towards Little Father Time. The language now becomes more elaborate and graphic as the children are no longer mentioned and the following paragraphs concern merely Jude and Sue. Sue realizes her careless words were responsible for Little Father Times actions. Her convulsive agony that knew no abatement is powerfully personified, and implies that she is in the grip of someone who refuses to let go.The syntax, ending in the stark phrase no abatement makes Sues feeling even more infinite and absolute. She is so distraught that the woman of the house is vainly trying to soothe her, with her eyes staring at the ceiling. She seems to be undergoing an out-of-body experience. She is not to go upstairs because her presence might do harm the intensive alarm may also lead to endangering a coming life, her unborn baby would be the only child left in her life.Sue confesses she believes herself responsible for this and Jude replies It was in his nature to do itunknown in the last generation This is an allusion to a number of views and theories. Thomas Malthus published An essay on the principle of population in 1798.In it he argued against population growth. He believed that if one cannot afford to raise children, one should not bring them into the world. Jude quotes the doctor who says that such boys were not heard of in the last generation. Here, Darwins The Origin of Species (1859) is being alluded to. Darwin proved humans are not special creatures chosen by graven image, but instead, simply animals that are highly evolved and well altered to their surroundings.Hardy stresses the way that Little Father Time had struck at the conventional views of Victorian family life and instead of having the typical morals of a little boy, believed that survival was more important than family values. I believe that Little Father Time is in a sense more highly evolved than Jude Jude attempted to move over suicide and failed. Little Father Time however, did so he is a child brought up without love. The use of the words springing up make this new typeface of child seem linked to regeneration, growth, felicity and seasonality, but in fact they bring death and are the product of new views of life.Of course Sue herself is a product of such views which perhaps have affected Little Father Time subconsciously. He never shows any signs of hope, happiness, excitement and general strong emotions until his last conversation with Sue, and even then he gives us no impression that he is going to murder his brother and sister and commit suicide. The child is an exemplar of the coming oecumenic wish not to live Jude states bleakly. This phrase demonstrate the thematic pessimi sm in the narrative, the apocalyptical nature of Little Father Time, and the fast approaching, universal nihilistic views of the end of the century.At the end of Judes version of the doctors analysis of Little Father Time, the text ends with an aposiopesis consolations to -. Judes composure cracks. Ironically, Jude stops short just as he mentions, (the doctor) can give no consolation, the phrase no consolation extends Hardys apocalyptic theme of lack of hope. We find out Jude has composed himself for Sue, but could do so no longer, and in her efforts to comfort him, distracted her from her poignant self-reproach.Hardy describes what Sue sees when she is allowed to finally see the children. Little Father Times face expressed the self-coloured tale of their situation which is clearly, death, despair, struggle, lack of love, and lack of hope. Linking the boys face to their situation describes them both perfectly well without describing either. The use of simple, unadorned language des cribing the boy as a little shape shows us that the small boy is not yet defined, he is not yet delineated he dies young and unformed.Hardy writes that in Little Father Time he had converged all the inauspiciousness of Jude. The childs corpse conveyed the suggestion of the tragedy, despair and death that was looming in his relationship with Arabella, as well all the accidents errors of the last the potent and tragic element of fate is stressed. Little Judes description as his parents nodal point demonstrates that he is an entanglement where inauspiciousness and the lack of love have become enmeshed.The paragraph concludes with a tricolon, For the rashness of those parents he had groaned, for their ill-assortment he has quaked, and for the misfortunes of these he had died. This relates to Judes relationships with Arabella and Sue, and Little Father Times short life it is a conclusive and tragic summation of Little Father Times short life and tragic end. This scene hints at Hardys dis affection with God, and when Jude and Sue overhear the psalm Truly God is loving unto Israel we realize this disaffection is very tangible.

Mental illness Essay Example for Free

Mental illness EssayProof written by David Auburn goes through the life of an esteemed mathematician plagued by mental illness. In the beginning of the play Proof we are introduced to a professor at a local Chicago College named Robert. We first are introduced to Robert through a cunning of Catherines, another main protagonist of David auburns play. Auburn shows Roberts genius and madness at various stages throughout the play. Auburn goes on throughout his play to constitute the impact mental illness has on everyday family life. David Auburn introduces his two protagonist, Catherine and Robert through a delusion of Catherines late one night. We learn that Robert is a prestiged mathematician who was plagued with a rare mental illness. David Auburn hints at the idea that Catherine, Robertss daughter, was also gifted with the same mathematical skills as her father. In act 1, Robert and Catherine loaf into an argument over what are good days or bad days. Catherine seems to believe that the good days are those days when you equitable stay in tooshie solely day and take int leave, provided Robert believes that those are days lost.Robert shows his concern for Catherine when he states You sleep till noon, you eat junk food, you dont work, the dishes pile up in the sink Some days you dont get up, you dont get out of bed(Auburn 9). Robert worries that Catherine is suffering from low from witnessing her fathers prolonged illness. Robert thought everyday not doing mathematics was a day lost and couldnt imagine the work you lost, the ideas you didnt cast off, discoveries you never made because you were moping in your bed at four in the afternoon. ( Auburn 9).Catherine and Robert seem to have different aspirations in life, Robert wants to discover new mathematical equations when Catherine wants to just relax. While we are lead to believe that Catherine is lazy we get glimpses of her talent for numbers. We see that Catherine is brilliant through the eyes of he r father when he says Even your depression is mathematical. Stop moping and get to work. The kind of potential you have( Auburn 10). Robert understands that Catherine has great potential to discover long elegant equations, but refuses to do so for or so unspecific reason.Auburn then changes the spotlight from Catherine to Robert when Catherine asks her father if his worked changed after he got sick. This is the first time David Auburn mentioned anything about an illness. Auburn leads us to believe that Catherine who late turned 25 is worried that she might to develop this same debilitating mental illness as her father. Auburn shows this when Catherine asks Robert how old he was when it all started. Robert goes on to say mid-twenties. Twenty- three, four. Is that what you are worried about? ( Auburn 11).We see that Catherine is terrified that if she tries to do the same work her father did she to will go mad. Robert goes on to pouffe Catherine by stating Crazy multitude dont s it around wondering if theyre nuts. ( Auburn 12). Catherine then goes to argue with Robert that his reasoning is chimerical because he was crazy and he admitted it, but Robert we then learn that Robert is also dead. This is the first time in David Auburns play that the readers feel that both Catherine and Robert are and did suffer from a unidentified mental illness.David Auburn leads us to believe that his main protagonist, Robert, has a sever illness called schizophrenia, but we arent sure. We notice that Robert has isolated himself and is very much set-aside from the touchable world. We notice Robertss life change from his brilliant mathematician/ college professor to an insane graphomaniac(Auburn 15). Catherine goes on and explains to Hal that Roberts work has no connections to mathematical greatness, but to the same level as a monkey at a typewriter. ( Auburn 15). When Hal says he is active to look at every page. (Auburn 15), Catherine says no. Im not crazy(Auburn 15). This is significant because we as readers question if Catherine is really saying that to Hal or severe to convince herself that she isnt crazy. We get an idea that Catherine is crazy to. As Roberts struggle with schizophrenia prevents he starts to exemplify some bizarre habits. We arent introduced to Roberts true madness until Catherine comes home from college to visit him. We get the image of a man sitting outside on a cold Chicago overwinter night without a jacket complaining that the excruciating heat inside the house.We arent told specifically that Robert has schizophrenia but we are lead to believe that he is suffering from it. Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain perturb that has affected people throughout history(Schizophrenia). Schizophrenia impacts about 1% of the United verbalize Population. Even though schizophrenia isnt common it still impacts millions of peoples lives each year. Robert exemplifies a lot of the same characteristics a patient who is di agnosed with schizophrenia is having. Many people diagnosed with schizophrenia feelthat someone or something wants to harm them. They have a very hard time telling what is real and what is not. Many people with the disorder are terrified of the imaginary people that they withdraw themselves from day to day activity. In Proof Robert believed that aliens were sending him messages through the Dewey decimal numbers on the subroutine library books. He was trying to work out the code. (Pg 19) Robert is showing how mentally unstable he is. He is having a hard time telling the difference from what is real and what is not.Robert also struggled with his normal everyday to day routine, leaving a burden on Catherine. Catherine was forced to leave her brilliance based down from Robert and take divvy up of him. When patients are diagnosed with schizophrenia they have a hard time retaining normal day-to-day activities so they rely on other family and friends for help, for Robert, his help came f rom Catherine. This leaving a terrible burden on Catherine. Robert clearly was mentally unstable and should have been placed in a mental institution with professionals that could have properly tough him.If Catherine had put him in an institution she would have been able to continue on with her schooling and at her fathers brilliance to good work. Her father also may have been able to be cured because of the significant evolve of research on schizophrenia and other mental health issues. As a reader I question Catherines decision because I believe that she feared that if she placed her father in an institution Claire, her sister, would try and place Catherine in an institution also. Again that is the strong reason Claire wants Catherine to move back to New York City with her.Auburn leads his readers to question if Catherine Dropped out of school (Auburn 19) to stay and take care of her father, or because she was afraid that she was kickoff to develop similar symptoms her father ha d Even though we arent told specifically what Robertss mental disorder is, we are lead to believe that it is schizophrenia. Robert has exemplified most to all of the symptoms of schizophrenia in many ways. Robert should have been placed in proper care with proper guidance and treatment. With the proper help Catherine could have been able to continue with her studies and move on with her life.

Observation and Description Essay Example for Free

Observation and Description Essay1. Explain a jibeing theory observed in the video.In the field trip, experiential learning was applied by the facilitator. In experiential learning, students are immersed in a real environment and exposed in a real speckle. Experiential learning is based on constructivist theory whereby the learners play active roles in assimilating knowledge onto their existing mental good example and apply their school wise to(p) knowledge to the real world (Henley, 1994). In the video, students work with a professional to investigate and learn most disposition at Fermilab. Students used magnifying lenses and their senses to see, smell, hear, and feel the plants that they were keeping. Initially, students worked in pairs, share their knowledge and catch comparison. Then, they worked in groups and write down what they have observed. Thus, the learners have applied the knowledge and concepts that they have learned in the classroom intimately living things to a real environment at Fermilab. Through the exchange of knowledge and observations among members of the group, they became active learners and instructors.Experiential learning was conjecture by Carl Rogers who claimed that significant learning takes place when the subject matter is relevant to the interest of the learner and when external threats are at a minimum (Dover, 2008 Kearsley, 2008). The teacher must set a positive climate for learning, use learning resources, balance intellectual and emotional component of learning and share feelings and thoughts with the learners (ibid). Learning rough nature, the prairie, wetlands and the assortment of look took place in Fermilab, a natural environment.Before students were taken around Fermilab, the facilitator gave them approximately rules to follow to protect the environment and everyone in the area. Hence, in that location was a positive climate for learning, the experience was significant to the students and the external threat to learning was kept at a minimum. b. Describe the observed teaching situation in terms of group characteristics, seating arrangement, and any additional criteria necessary to present the setting of the learning environment.The teaching and learning process took place at Fermilab where students observed the plants, animals and wetlands to determine the diversity of life story in the environment. Initially, all students sat on the grass and work in pairs in observing the plants. They were likewise holding their magnifying lenses as they listened to the instructions of the facilitator. Each pair consists of a boy and a girl of the same age and grade level. They interacted with their teammates and discussed what they have observed. Then they worked in groups, reflected on what they have observed and shared what they have learned.There were two boys and two girls in each group. c. Describe the observed teacher-to-student interactions. Students were attentive to their teacher. W hen the facilitator says, I requirement you to ensure at the plant, smell the plant, listen to the plant, shake itsee if it rattles, students who were working in pairs got their magnifying lenses to look closely at the plants and follow the instructions of the teacher. Everyone was engaged in the activities. In another scene, a small group of students were listening attentively to a professional as she speaks about the different environments that they will observe and investigate.She also provided some rules that they need to observe to protect the environment and everyone at Fermilab. While the facilitator speaks before the students, there was a female teacher who was standing beside her. d. Describe the observed student-to-student interactions. In the first activity, a buddy system was established whereby students work in pairs while seating on the grass and observing the plants. A boy and a girl were interacting with each other and exchanging knowledge on what they have observe d. In another activity, there were four students in each group.They were taking down notes on the plants that they were investigating. As students work in groups, peer teaching was established as groupmates do some discussions and kept their voices low so as not to dissolve the other groups. They were all doing their activities in an orderly manner. Analysis, Exploration, and Reasoning a. Describe the purpose of the observed lesson. The objective of the lesson is to learn about nature and to determine the diversity of life in different environments through active learning and immersion.Through experiential learning, students were able to explore the plants, animals and different environments in Fermilab through the use of their sense of sight, touch, smell, and hearing. The lesson also aimed to provide a hands-on experience on a real or natural environment instead of looking at the pictures, reading about nature and environment and staying in the classroom. The activities gave stu dents the opportunity to work with other students and share their knowledge and observation with other members of the group. The activities also develop the social skills of the students.The activities aimed to foster cooperation as students need to follow rules to protect themselves, other people, nature, animals, and the environment. b. Describe a teaching system implemented in the observed lesson. Experiential learning is a strategy used by teachers to incorporate learning theories into lessons. As the students learn about nature and the diversity of life in their field trip, they will be able to construct their own knowledge about the protection of nature from what they have observed and experienced at Fermilab.Through experiential learning, the theory of constructivism can be applied in which learners actively build knowledge and skills, construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current and past knowledge (Bruner, 1990). Students have learned about plants and animal lif e in the classroom, through their readings or viewing of films or television programs. Now that they have an actual experience of natures life in Fermilab, their knowledge and experience are added to what they have already learned.Hence, they will be able to construct their own ideas on how to protect and care for nature and animals. c. Analyze the teachers possible purpose for implementing a teaching strategy observed in the video. The possible purpose of implementing experiential learning is to invent each learner directly involved with nature and the diversity of life in different environments at Fermilab. The activities whereby students work by pairs or by groups and learn from one another will foster retention and comprehension of the subject matter because they learn through meaningful learning and teaching experience.The experiential activities make learners directly experience, discover and appreciate nature and environment through the use of their senses. Experiential lear ning also allows students to reflect on their experience, and generate understanding and conduct of skills and knowledge. d. Describe the level of student engagement with the observed lesson In the video, there was a high level of students engagement in the activities. This was evident in their association to all the activities as they work in pairs and in groups in sharing their knowledge and observations on the plants that they were investigating.The students were listening and following the instructions of their teacher. When the teacher says, I want you to look at the plants, smell the plants, etc. , students who were working in pairs, got hold of the plants and observed them closely with their magnifying lenses. They were also attentively listening to the professional who was explaining about the environments and the diversity of life that they will examine within the Fermilab and the rules that they need to follow.

Teaching Writing Skills To Vietnamese Students Education Essay

Teaching Writing Skills To Vietnamese Students Education EssayBackground of the problemWriting skill which includes verbiage, private friendship and skill, emotion and the interaction of personal opinion is difficult and challenging to learn and develop for legion(predicate) students in EFL contexts in oecumenical and in Vietnam in particular. In Vietnam, there argon many teachers of English who regular believe that commandment pen skill to EFL learners is more complex than teaching other communicative skills (Mazdayasna Tahririan, 2001). Although speech communication learners deport to learn hard to lease good compositions, they still have made a variety of errors or mistakes when piece of writing. In other words, EFL learners often intuitive feeling stressful and anxious when writing in a foreign language (Spratt Leung, 2000). Consequently, language teachers and inquiryers have made an effort to experience how they back tooth do to protagonist students be able to minimize their mistakes in their writing. However, they also admit that it is impossible for them or any teacher to read and refine all the students compositions on writing lessons because correcting written perish is time-consuming (Ur, 1999, p.74), especially for large classes. Peer feedback (also accomplice field, colleague response or consort review) with its advantages bottom be a smart way which can be used to encourage students to read and give comments and suggestions to bring abouther for enrichment of their peers literary productions before the final versions of their products atomic number 18 submitted to their teachers. Peer field whole kit and caboodle as a vital part in the abut approach to teaching writing because it helps learners realize their reading level as well as their demands for enhancement of writing capability. Br admit (1994) and Gipps (1994) have the same opinion that feed back is one of the main parts in the process of English learning a nd teaching. umpteen other look forers, for example, Paulus (1999), Min (2006) promote the idea that verbal and written feedback should be applied to foster writing skills. This strategy, thus, has been used hotly on the writing lessons of many English classes in Vietnam consisting of those at centre of Informatics and Foreign words, Thai Nguyen College of Education, Thai Nguyen Uni. Ur (1999, p.74) states that peer correction can help us not besides save time, except also develop the critical reading skill for content, organization, style and language accuracy. Additionally, peer feedback can encounter an efficient method to baffle students to have critical thinking of writing and assessment skills than teacher feedback. In other words, peer feedback helps learners patch up good use of their protest effort to conduct their writings expressive and effective. However, in spite of its roles and impact on the process of writing, peer feedback has not been paid much attention in Vietnam. almost researchers such as Tran (2007), Phan (2007) who are interested in peer response in writing move into their point of view, knowledge and experience about this division in their researches which show the present state of employing peer feedback learners attitude and especially offer few suggestions to better the current response training.Purpose of the studyAs mentioned above, it is not difficult to find out studies which research the role of peer feedback in writing skill on the way to foster it. However, the writer of this study with to do the research to know about the fact of peer feedback in Vietnam in general and the Centre of Informatics and Foreign Language, TNCE, TNU more clearly. This study also investigates whether peer feedback can have positive impact on ESL writing process among pre-intermediate non major students at this Centre or not they can revise their own writing works to develop their writing skill or not and how this process really happ ens. Bearing in mind, the writer decides the research with title employ peer correction in teaching writing skill to help Vietnamese college non-major students at CIF, CE, TNU reduce errors in their written compositionsResearch school principal(s) or description of hypothesisThis study aims at finding answer to the following research questionHow can peer correction helps EFL learners reduce mistakes in their written compositions?The question is addressed to one of the writing classes that I am teaching this term in Centre of Informatics and Foreign Language, College of Education, Thai Nguyen University with the aim to examine how peer correction affects the process of revising and writing a complete composition of my students here.Organization of the studyThis study can be divided into five chapters. In this chapter, background of the EFL writing in local context is given and the aim of this study is also identified. Chapter 2 mentions some reviews of the literature which go thro ugh link up literature and researches, in which, general of writing teaching and a brief idea of peer feedback in writing skill will be focused. In chapter 3, the writer describes the methodology and processes of the research. Chapter 4 presents data analysis and findings. Chapter 5 gives some implications of the study, summarizes main point discussed in the study, indicates some limitations and proposes some suggestions for the further researches. Lastly, the final separate of the study are appendixes and references.CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEWOverview of writing processLannon (1989) claims that writing is a process delivering meaningful messages and including its own specific goal. This process requires students to work hard kinda of regarding it as an uncomplicated act (Byrne, 1988). However, in language teaching and learning process, Tribble (1996, p.3) defines writing as a language skill that involves not just a graphic representation of speech, but the development and present ation of thoughts in a structured way. This means writers need to arrange their ideas logically and systematically. in that location have been different approaches to teaching writing EFL classes but two most popular ones are product approach and process one. Product approach can be the traditional method of writing which stresses the final outcome of the writing process as well as grammar, usage, form and mechanics of the composition. Students are often asked to write a similar paragraph basing on the model and using new taught structures, vocabularies or any aspects of language. later on that, the teacher will correct students writings or feedback in the class commonly means the correction of the students language errors (Mazdayasna Tahririan, 2001, p.56). at that placefore, students find difficult to know why and how they made errors to avoid repeating them on the close tasks. Though thanks to this method students can sometimes reject errors (Tribble, 1996), it does not encou rage students create in writing at all, the use of language is manipulate of fixed patterns the patterns are learned by imitation (Pincas, 1962, p.185).Over the last forty years, there has been remarkable interest in writing process. There are many researchers and educators suggesting language teachers that they should pay attention to students writing process instead of only their final writing version (Paige Way, Joiner and Seaman, 2000). Process writing can contain stages such as rewriting, writing, revising and rewriting or editing. However, Reid (1993) supplement this process with three more stages, namely, responding, evaluating and post-writing, in which peer feedback is focused more in responding.Prewriting something done before drafting such as choosing a topic, brainstorming, collecting data, organizing.Composing / drafting actually writing.Revising selecting organization, structures, edition or collection word. write complete stage step by step.Responding getting the tea cher and peers responses, discussing with them about papers to emend the content.Evaluating receiving marks or scores from the teachers.Post-writing any activities happened after completing rewriting and getting assessment (role-play)Cresswell claims that to as students to exchange their writing draft is an effective way to foster their learning autonomy and help them become alarm reader when proofreading their partners written tasks (2000). As the result, they also have critical thinking when they read their own paper to find and correct themselves their mistakes in those, i.e. their writing ability can be develop (Markino, 1993). It is necessary to allow students to have more time to write and get feedback from their teachers and classmates, and then rewrite the drafts so that they can let reader be abele to understand their idea expressed on the paper better (Frankenberg-Garcia, 1999).Definition and some types of errorsDifferent researchers have different shipway to categorize errors. In this study, the writer only wishes to refer one of classification strategies based on the relation to comprehensibility given by Burt and Kiparsky (1972) because of its close name with the notion of mistakes mentioned in this study. These researchers divided error into two main types global errors and local ones. Henclrikson (1978) notes that we will be able to realize which error is global or local, because error can be regard as communicative or non-communicative ones. According to Ellis (1997), while global errors such as over generalization or simplification have an effect on explanation of the whole structure of sentence, local error just affect a single factor in sentences, i.e. word, phrases, closures or grammatical morphemes. Burt and Kiparsky (1974) also claim that global error have higher hierarchy than local errors. Thus the global ones seem to be parcel out about and be corrected more than local ones Norish (1983). However, those local errors can be consider ed as minor ones, error in tense and aspect, they are popular mistakes of English writing learners.Peer feedback and its impact on reducing mistakes and underdeveloped writing skillKnowledge is best acquired through negotiated interaction (Grabe Kaplan, 1996, p.380). There are many approaches to error correction and also definitions of peer feedback from many linguists and experts. According to Richards, et al,Peer feedback is an activity in the revising stage of writing in which students receive feedback about their writing from other students-their peers. Typically students work in pairs or small groups, read each others compositions and ask questions or give comments or suggestions (1992, p.268).Some other researchers of EFL writing state that feedback play an essential role in the process of writing. Keh (1990) claims that giving feedback means giving comments and suggestions, which helps the writer edit his or her composition. through teachers or classmates feedback, student s can know what kinds of mistakes they made and how to cope with those mistakes. wherefore, if students can get a productive feedback, they can correct their own errors and avoiding making the similar mistakes in the later writing tasks. It is wise for teachers to require learners responsibilities for their own writing performance and their peers ones because of the strong effect of peer feedback on students review as well as their writing skill. Zamel (1987) supposes that peers are actual and direct readers or reviewers.In the fact that, there are a number of methods teachers utilize to assist students check their mistakes but indeed teachers seem to not be able to resolve the problem individually. Students play the parts of both writers and readers or givers and receivers. Hefernick (1983) regards peer editing as learning and teaching instrument for teachers and learners because students can give helpful feedback each other.Peer writers can edit their own written compositions bas ing on the readers remarks and comments (Mendonca and John, 1994 Rollison, 1998), so the writers can be better at learning writing. Students can also have superior performance by the student-to-student activities because these activities are often more detailed than teacher feedback (Caulk, 1994). Also, Mangelsdorfin thinks that peer review can help many students to have diverse perception about their topics as well as foster the ideas and make them more clearly in the EFL writings. Therefore, researchers believe that peer feedback can have a positive effect on classroom dynamics and can help to train learners in skills they need to become autonomous (Spratt et al, 2005, p.157).Joyce (1997) employs a research to explore main strategies so as to respond to the EFL students composition writings. later on the twelve-week period, by comparing the sign writing sample and the ternion one after using peer editing, he shows that writing competency of students grows strongly and concludes this strategy is efficient and necessary.In the research conducted by Wong (1999), peer correction was carried out and discovered by qualitative data to ease the process of EFL writing in four factors grammar, rules and concepts, meaning and activated elements. In addition, it helps students change awareness of writing skill. Quantitative findings of this study introduce 97% students admit that they want to apply peer correction in the future. It is essential to stress that the writer of this study learns a lot from Wong research, and longs to use some his methods in this research to examine whether it is suitable for the writer teaching fact.Kurt and Atay (2007) also experimented with 86 Turkish Prospective teachers of English. Those participants are divided into 2 groups Experimental group (writing an essay and receiving peer feedback) and control group (writing an essay and receiving teacher feedback only). This study cogitate that peer feedback helps Turkish PTs reduce writ ing anxiety and it is really considered as a complementary factor of the teacher feedback.Despite its advantages, peer response has its own weakness. Its procedure requests the training and organization from the teacher as well as it depends on students ability of collaboration with peers. Many students give their partners too general and equivocal reviews. They make their peers find it difficult to understand and catch messages or information. The writing ability, thus, seems to not improve (Tsui Ng, 2000).CHAPTER 3 METHODS AND PROCEDURESMethods of the studyThe research is done qualitatively in the context of a 30-student English class. They are non-major students their level of English proficiency is pre-intermediate and their writing ability is average. In this report, the writer uses two research tools to collect and crumple the needed data, i.e. proveing and consultation.Recording is used to record the process of peer correction. Chosen subjects were invited to record their discussions and then they were transcribed (Appendix C) for analyzing. Voice recorder is chosen instead of video recorder to prevent their discussions from the presence of another people, which may interrupt their current process of peer correction. The writer also hopes that through recordings she can evoke how students check and correct their writings each other and what types of mistakes are corrected most.The second tool used in this study is interviews with students at the end of the research to study whether this strategy is really suitable for them or not, that is, expose students attitude toward peer correction strategy as well as their opinions and get their suggestions to make this process better. According to Herbert and Irene (1995), in interviews students need to know the way of actual listening. Because they are pre-intermediate non-major students, they can only use English during the interviews, so they can communicate in Vietnamese and then the writer record and t ranslate them into English.ProcedureAs a matter of ethics, the whole procedure of teaching and learning is utilise similarly to all students of the class after all of them give consent to be part of the research. However, due to the limit of the study, I only focus to record and interview the learning requirement of two students (who I call anonymously in this report as A1 and A2 as a matter of ethics) during this process as the data for analysis.The writer after considering carefully decide to make peer correcting tasks in class. Before the real peer correction, the writer design some exercises to introduce the way to check a composition. They were guided to focus on some discrete mistake. Items are subject-verb agreement, spells, tense, verb form, number, part of speech. The structure of sentence, content, and organization of the composition/essay is also asked to be commented. Firstly, the students were asked to check sentence by sentence and then, they worked in pairs to check the paragraph (Appendix B)This research lasted for 8 weeks, and the writer chose 3 topics to ask students to write, discus and correct and then rewrite before submitting to give the teacher. These topics are informal letter to a pen friend a descriptive passage about a close relative in your family a biography passage of a famous person.During this process, the writer asks students to give them tape-recorder to record their own discussions.In this paper, interviews are well-prepared. After recording them, the writer will transcribe and translate them (Appendix ?)ANALYSIS AND FINDINGSData analysisAnalysis of data from the recordingsThe writer, in this part, wish to learn about the process of peer correction through discussions taken recordings of subjects and interviews between the writers and them. After that, the writer would assess the result of the recorded discussions and interviews.It is undeniable that peer correction help students improve EFL writing a lot, although the leve l of subjects is not high, they can give comments on a variety of types of mistakes language such as article, preposition, S-V agreement, infinitive or gerund an sometimes even whole structure of the composition or word choice. When correcting mistakes, they also give some suggestions and explain the dry lands for those mistakes. Below are some examples in collected data. state 1(topic 1, A1s composition)Before correctionShe and I are very different but we got on well together. She is short and Im tall. She likes stay at home and watch picture with my parentss.A2 Ok. Sentence 1 is ok. In sentence 2, you should use get, not got, simple present. Next sentences let me see, here, like add v-ing not bare verb. My parentss, I dont know my parentss here mean, without possessive mark is correct. Do you agree?A1 Yeah of courseAfter correctionShe and I are very different but we get on well together. She is shorter than me.. She likes staying at home and watching television with my parentsEx tract 2 (topic 1, A2s composition)Before correctionMy youth brother is a 15 year gaga and I am 20 year old. My brother learn at Song Cong town and I learn at TN college of education.A1 My young brother is a 15 year old. You dont need an article here, it is not a noun and years, not year. Its plural. My brother learn at Song Cong town and I learn at TN college of education, wrong form of the verb the third singular person.A2 Okie. Learns not learnAfter correctionMy young brother is 15 years old and I am 20 years old. He learns at Song Cong town and I learn at TN college of education.Extract 3 (topic 2, A1s composition)Before correctionI was born in a family of farmer. My parents are workers in a company and my brother is married and works for the post office.A2 I dont understand the next sentences. I was born in a family of farmer. My parents are workers in a company. Why?A1 Oh, so so sorry, I mean classes in society. But I cant express this idea.A2 Working class, you mean? Or you will not ? sentence. Are you clear? Now, next, any brother is married, was, not is and works for the post office.After correctionMy parents are workers in a company and my brother is married and works for the post office.Extract 4 (topic 2, A2s composition)Before correctionIts verry wonderful.A1 Verry? Wrong spelling. Its Very. fundament you find out the sentence?A2 Yes. Thats right.After correctionIts very wonderfulThrough recordings, the writer also realizes that apart from getting knowledge to improve their writing skill, students are very interested in their discussions. They seem to feel confident and have responsibilities with their task.Analysis of data from the interviewsThe information from the interviewed reveals students thoughts, feelings and ideas toward this process.Although A1 has not tried peer correction before, she is convinced of this strategy after this study. She feels that she can realize her mistakes clearly and correct them. She is also able to avoid repeati ng on the next task. She wants to work in group of 3 or 4 to get more feedback from her peers. That means she admit the role of the peer feedback in developing her writing skill.Extract 6 (interview between the writer and A1)W Will you use this strategy again?A1 Yes, of course.W Can you give some suggestions to make the process better?A1 I like working in group of three or four. Thats all.W Thank you very muchUnlike A1, A2 has used this strategy many times. Therefore she has a lot of experiences. Her ideas express her deep understanding of peer correction. She also likes it and she knows how it assists her in her writing process. However, she stresses the role of the teacher in the process of revising.Extract 7 (interview between the writer and A2)A2 I like it. But I still want teachers correct it finally.W Why do you think so?A2 Because I myself sometimes find out my own mistakes. My partner can help me that. Moreover, when reading the text of my partner, I can learn something from it. However, there are some mistakes we cant correct we need teacher.FindingsAccording to the data analysis from the two lessons, it can be personally concluded thatthe most important feature that makes my students to engage more in the lesson is the kind of assessment which forces them to learn although the meaningfulness of tasks also more or less affect the level of engagementthe most meaningful tasks to my students are tasks that can help them to pass the tests at the end of the semester not tasks that give them reasons to communicate as I expectedREFLECTIONSThis study has given me a kick downstairs to know more about my students, about what goes wrong with them when they are not assiduous in my reading class. In the study, I also have view to access a number of researches of many experienced language educators and teachers, from which I obtain new knowledge of language teaching and learning in general and knowledge of meaningful tasks in teaching extensive reading in partic ular.During the research, I also learn more about the methods of doing research in a scientific way. Firstly, I learn to look at the situation of my English teaching and learning critically and make research questions with the hope of improving it. I also learn to arrange and organize my ideas and my work systematically to fit the timetable of the research procedure. But the most important thing is that I learn how to roll my background knowledge into the knowledge repertoire of related previous studies to have a broader view of the situation and to make my research skills (such summarizing and synthesizing) useful by touch off them creatively and critically.However, the research still has some drawbacks regarding the methods of data collection and analysis that I might change in my next research if I have more time. Firstly, instead of just doing the research on 2 lessons, I intend to do research from the beginning of the semester so that my students not only have chances to dem and the texts themselves but also have chances to choose the topics they are interested in. Moreover, when I observe them in the whole semester, the effect of other aspects like the constrict of testing, the emotion of learners, etc. can be avoided and thus, the data I collect may become more reliable. Secondly, instead of interviewing my students after the research, I will interview them during the research, which may give me more chances to adjust my lessons to be more suitable and meaningful to them.CONCLUSIONTo sum up, the research has brought to me some important lessons of English teaching and learning in general and of working with my students in particular.Firstly, the research affirms for me that extensive reading activities are good activities that students want to do. It is not because in the activities, students have opportunities to choose the texts of their own interest and at their own level of proficiency but also because extensive reading activities give them anoth er environment of reading in which they are not in pressure to read. Thus, they can comfortably improve their English fluency.It is also proved by the research that students are more engaged in the extensive reading activities when the tasks are more meaningful to them. More specifically, in my case that means the tasks that give my students a more meaningful reason to complete engage them more. However, it is also noted that the purpose of learning for mark (i.e. learning to prepare for final-term tests) should also be taken into considerations as a factor that affects the engagement of students.However, since the research is not totally as good as I expected, I would like to do further research on this topic on the following issuesHow to balance the two kinds of reading (i.e. more communicative extensive reading and test-based intensive reading) to make reading activities more meaningful?How do the extensive reading activities look like if the students are allowed to choose the te xts in groups?REFERENCESBrown, J.D. (1994). Research methods for Applied Linguistics Scope, characteristics, and standards. In A. Davies C. Elder (Eds.), The handbook of applied linguistics (pp. 476-500). Oxford Blackwell.Burt, M.K., Kisparsky, C. (1972). 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